The cyclic-GMP-AMP synthase - stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) pathway plays a central role in recognition of the double-stranded DNA in cytoplasm, a sign of cell damage or infection. Upon activation, the pathway ...
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an infectious agent that causes acute hepatitis, but can also leadto chronic inflammation, and, consequently, to hepatocellular carcinoma. HBV is described as"stealth virus", since it avoids ...
Polyomaviruses (PyVs) are small non-enveloped viruses replicating in the host cell nucleus. Viral replication centers (VRCs) share features with cellular euchromatic or heterochromatic regions, depending on the stage of infection
Polyomaviruses are associated with many diseases due to their ability to persistently infect the host. Since 2008, twelve new human polyomaviruses have been discovered. Among the new species, Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) ...
The nuclear lamina (NL) is a dense meshwork of intermediate filaments V, type A lamins (lamin A/C), type B lamins (lamin B1 and B2) and membrane associated proteins. NL is located closely adjacent to the nucleoplasmic side ...
Promyelocytic leukaemia nuclear bodies (PML NBs) are dynamic, spherical, membrane-less structures composed of the main scaffold PML protein and a variety of stable or transient partner proteins. Apart from many endogenous ...
High-risk human papillomaviruses can induce malignant transformation of cells resulting in anogenital cancers, particularly cervical cancer (CC), and a proportion of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas ...
In the microenvironment of growing solid tumors, oxygen level often decreases and a hypoxic state is induced. This can lead to a worse treatment response and poor patient prognosis. One of the hypoxia-responsive genes ...
The viral communities represent the most abundant microbiota population in humans. Viruses, together with other microbiota such as bacteria and fungi, form a dynamic ecosystem that influences the health of the host. The ...
The intracellular accumulation of abnormal proteins exceeding their degradation can cause imbalance in proteostasis resulting in proteotoxic stress that leads to severe pathological stages. This state relates to proteasome ...